解剖学和形态学
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行为科学
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细胞和组织工程学
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牙科,口腔外科和医学
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abstract::Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) constitute a family of more than 20 endopeptidases. Identification of specific matrix and non-matrix components as MMP substrates showed that, aside from their initial role as extracellular matrix modifiers, MMPs play significant roles in highly complex processes such as the regulation...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/10409230701340019
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small regulatory RNAs can modify the activity of proteins and the stability and translation of mRNAs. They have now been found in a wide range of organisms, and can play previously unsuspected critical regulatory roles. The bacterial small RNAs include two major classes. The largest family(with at least 20 members in ...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/10409230590918702
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review focuses on how microbes live on CO as a sole source of carbon and energy and with CO by generating carbon monoxide as a metabolic intermediate. The use of CO is a property of organisms that use the Wood-L jungdahl pathway of autotrophic growth. The review discusses when CO metabolism originated, when and h...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/10409230490496577
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The demonstration that ribosomal peptide synthesis is a ribozyme-catalyzed reaction makes it almost certain that there was once an RNA World. The central problem for origin-of-life studies, therefore, is to understand how a protein-free RNA World became established on the primitive Earth. We first review the literatur...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/10409230490460765
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::FeII/alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG)-dependent hydroxylases catalyze an amazing diversity of reactions that result in protein side-chain modifications, repair of alkylated DNA/RNA, biosynthesis of antibiotics and plant products, metabolism related to lipids, and biodegradation of a variety of compounds. These enzymes po...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/10409230490440541
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low-copy nuclear genes in plants are a rich source of phylogenetic information. They hold a great potential to improve the robustness of phylogenetic reconstruction at all taxonomic levels, especially where universal markers such as cpDNA and nrDNA are unable to generate strong phylogenetic hypotheses. Low-copy nuclea...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/10409230290771474
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::RNA helicases represent a large family of proteins that have been detected in almost all biological systems where RNA plays a central role. They are ubiquitously distributed over a wide range of organisms and are involved in nuclear and mitochondrial splicing processes, RNA editing, rRNA processing, translation initia...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/10409239891204233
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::For more than a century amyloid was considered to be an interesting, unique, but inconsequential pathologic entity that rarely caused significant clinical problems. We now recognize that amyloid is not one entity. In vivo it is a uniform organization of a disease, or process, specific protein co-deposited with a set o...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/10409239709082674
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) play an intricate role in the extracellular matrix (ECM), not only as soluble components and polyelectrolytes, but also by specific interactions with growth factors and other transient components of the ECM. Modifications of GAG chains, such as isomerization, sulfation, and acetylation, gener...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/10409239509083490
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A protein is usually classified into one of the following five structural classes: alpha, beta, alpha + beta, alpha/beta, and zeta (irregular). The structural class of a protein is correlated with its amino acid composition. However, given the amino acid composition of a protein, how may one predict its structural cla...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/10409239509083488
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of cell growth leads to the multiple phosphorylation of 40S ribosomal protein S6. The kinase responsible for controling this event is termed p70s6k/p85s6k. Both isoforms of the kinase are derived from a common gene activated by a complex set of phosphorylation events; each resides in a unique cellular compa...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/10409239409083485
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article is an overview of current research in the area of sulfate activation. Emphasis is placed on presenting unresolved issues in an appropriate context for critical evaluation by the reader. The energetics of sulfate activation is reevaluated in light of recent findings that demonstrate that the synthesis of a...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/10409239309085137
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The major intrinsic protein (MIP) of the bovine lens fiber cell membrane was the first member of the MIP family of proteins to be sequenced and characterized. It is probably a homotetramer with transmembrane channel activity that plays a role in lens biogenesis or maintenance. The polypeptide chain of each subunit may...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/10409239309086796
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clathrin constitutes the coat of vesicles involved in three receptor-mediated intracellular transport pathways; the export of aggregated material from the trans-Golgi network for regulated secretion, the transfer of lysosomal hydrolases from the trans-Golgi network to lysosomes and receptor-mediated endocytosis at the...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/10409239309078441
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 protein phosphatases (PP-1) comprise a group of widely distributed enzymes that specifically dephosphorylate serine and threonine residues of certain phosphoproteins. They all contain an isoform of the same catalytic subunit, which has an extremely conserved primary structure. One of the properties of PP-1 that...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/10409239209082564
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aldehydes are highly reactive molecules that may have a variety of effects on biological systems. They can be generated from a virtually limitless number of endogenous and exogenous sources. Although some aldehyde-mediated effects such as vision are beneficial, many effects are deleterious, including cytotoxicity, mut...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/10409239209082565
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some asparagine and glutamine residues in proteins undergo deamidation to aspartate and glutamate with rates that depend upon the sequence and higher-order structure of the protein. Functional groups within the protein can catalyze this reaction, acting as general acids, bases, or stabilizers of the transition state. ...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/10409239109081719
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renin, the first enzyme in the renin-angiotensin system, is critically important for the maintenance of blood pressure, and, therefore, as a target for antihypertensive therapy. The three-dimensional structure of renin would be an invaluable aid in understanding the functional properties of renin as well as in the des...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/10409239109081721
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We know of three routes that organisms have evolved to synthesize complex organic molecules from CO2: the Calvin cycle, the reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle, and the reductive acetyl-CoA pathway. This review describes the enzymatic steps involved in the acetyl-CoA pathway, also called the Wood pathway, which is the ma...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/10409239109114070
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article summarizes all experimental facts concerning the cold denaturation of single-domain, multi-domain, and multimeric globular proteins in aqueous solutions with and without urea and guanidine hydrochloride. The facts obtained by various experimental techniques are analyzed thermodynamically and it is shown t...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/10409239009090612
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies with biomimetic models can yield considerable insight into mechanisms of enzymatic catalysis. The discussion above indicates how such information has been important in the cases of flavoproteins, hemoproteins, and, to a lesser extent, the copper protein dopamine beta-hydroxylase. Some of the moieties that we g...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/10409239009090607
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following a brief introduction of cellular response to stimulation comprising leukocyte activation, three major areas are discussed: (1) the neutrophil oxidase; (2) myeloperoxidase (MPO)-dependent oxidative microbicidal reactions; and (3) MPO-independent oxidative reactions. Topics included in section (A) are current ...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/10409238909082555
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAcChR) is a ligand-gated ion channel found in the postsynaptic membranes of electric organs, at the neuromuscular junction, and at nicotinic cholinergic synapses of the mammalian central and peripheral nervous system. The nAcChR from Torpedo electric organ and mammalian muscle is...
journal_title:Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/10409238909082553
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00